The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation

Nestled in the heart of Besançon, the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation stands as a testament to the unwavering spirit of the French Resistance during World War II. Established in 1971, the museum pays homage to the brave men and women who fought tirelessly against Nazi occupation and oppression. Through its captivating exhibits, the museum invites visitors on a poignant journey through this tumultuous period in French history.

Located within the historic Citadel of Besançon, the museum is easily accessible by foot, bicycle, or public transportation. Admission fees are modest, making it an affordable option for visitors of all ages. Guided tours are available in both French and English, providing an in-depth exploration of the museum's collection and the stories it holds. The museum also offers educational programs for students, ensuring that the legacy of the Resistance remains relevant for future generations.

Permanent Exhibitions

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation presents a comprehensive and immersive journey through the history of the French Resistance during World War II. The permanent exhibition galleries are organized into thematic sections, each exploring different aspects of the resistance movement.

One section focuses on the early days of the Occupation, showcasing the formation of resistance groups and the challenges they faced. Another section highlights the role of women in the Resistance, showcasing their bravery, resilience, and contributions to the struggle. The museum also dedicates a section to the various forms of resistance, including armed combat, sabotage, espionage, and propaganda.

Throughout the galleries, visitors can examine a wide range of artifacts, documents, and multimedia presentations that bring the history of the Resistance to life. These include personal belongings, weapons, uniforms, photographs, and propaganda posters. Interactive exhibits and learning experiences allow visitors to engage with the material in a meaningful way, deepening their understanding of the resistance movement.

Temporary Exhibitions

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation hosts a diverse range of temporary exhibitions that explore various aspects of resistance history and contemporary issues related to human rights and social justice. These exhibitions provide a platform for emerging artists, historians, and scholars to showcase their research and creative works, enriching the museum's programming and engaging visitors with thought-provoking themes.

The curatorial approach of the temporary exhibitions is characterized by its interdisciplinary nature, fostering collaborations between diverse fields such as history, art, literature, and sociology. This approach allows the museum to present multifaceted perspectives on resistance and its enduring relevance in shaping contemporary societies.

Temporary exhibitions often feature immersive installations, multimedia presentations, and interactive experiences that invite visitors to engage with the content on a deeper level. These exhibitions not only provide historical insights but also stimulate critical thinking and encourage dialogue on important societal issues.

Through its temporary exhibitions, the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation aims to challenge conventional narratives, promote historical awareness, and foster a culture of remembrance and reconciliation. These exhibitions contribute to the museum's mission of preserving the legacy of the resistance movement and promoting the values of freedom, democracy, and human rights.

Educational Programs:

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation places a strong emphasis on educating visitors, especially younger generations, about the history of the French Resistance and its significance. To this end, the museum offers a range of educational programs tailored to students of all ages.

Workshops, lectures, and seminars are conducted throughout the year, delving into various aspects of the resistance movement. These programs provide students with an opportunity to engage with historical experts, primary sources, and interactive exhibits, fostering a deeper understanding of the challenges and sacrifices made by resistance fighters.

The museum also organizes outreach initiatives to promote historical awareness beyond its walls. These initiatives include traveling exhibitions, educational kits for schools, and collaborations with community organizations. By reaching out to a wider audience, the museum aims to ensure that the lessons of the past are not forgotten and that the spirit of resistance continues to inspire future generations.

Through its educational programs, the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation fulfills its mission of preserving and transmitting the memory of the French Resistance, while also promoting critical thinking, empathy, and civic engagement among its visitors.

Research Center

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation houses a comprehensive research center dedicated to preserving and studying the history of the Resistance movement. The center serves as a valuable resource for scholars, researchers, and students interested in this critical period.

The research center houses an extensive collection of historical archives, documents, and databases related to the Resistance. These materials include personal testimonies, diaries, photographs, and official records that provide invaluable insights into the experiences of those who fought against Nazi oppression.

The museum's research staff actively engages in research projects and publishes scholarly works on various aspects of the Resistance movement. Their research focuses on topics such as the organization and structure of the Resistance, the role of women and youth in the movement, and the impact of the Resistance on post-war France.

The research center also collaborates with scholars and researchers worldwide, fostering a vibrant intellectual exchange and promoting a deeper understanding of the Resistance. Through conferences, workshops, and publications, the center contributes to the ongoing dialogue on this crucial chapter in French history.

By preserving and studying the history of the Resistance, the museum's research center plays a vital role in ensuring that the memory of this heroic struggle is not forgotten and that the lessons learned from the past continue to inform and inspire future generations.

Memorial Garden

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation features a poignant memorial garden, a serene space for reflection and remembrance. Stepping into the garden, visitors are greeted by a tranquil atmosphere, where the hustle and bustle of the city fade away. Lush greenery, colorful flowers, and commemorative features create a serene oasis dedicated to honoring the sacrifices of those who fought for freedom during World War II.

The garden's centerpiece is a striking monument symbolizing the indomitable spirit of the resistance movement. Sculpted with intricate detail, the monument depicts figures representing courage, resilience, and unity, paying tribute to the brave men and women who risked their lives to liberate France from Nazi occupation.

Interspersed throughout the garden are commemorative plaques and markers, each bearing the names of resistance fighters who lost their lives in the struggle for freedom. These plaques serve as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made by ordinary individuals who stood up against tyranny and oppression.

Visitors are invited to stroll along the garden's peaceful paths, taking a moment to reflect on the stories of courage and resilience etched into the memorial's every corner. The garden provides a sanctuary for contemplation, allowing visitors to connect with the human dimension of the resistance movement and pay their respects to those who fought for a better future.

Museum Shop

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation features a well-stocked museum shop that offers a wide selection of books, souvenirs, and educational materials related to the history of the French Resistance during World War II. Visitors can find a variety of publications, including historical accounts, biographies, and research papers, as well as a range of souvenirs such as postcards, magnets, and replicas of resistance memorabilia. The shop also carries a selection of educational materials, including posters, DVDs, and interactive exhibits, that are perfect for teachers and students interested in learning more about this important period in history. Proceeds from the museum shop support the museum's mission and activities, ensuring that its educational programs and exhibitions continue to thrive. Whether you are looking for a unique gift or a way to deepen your understanding of the French Resistance, the museum shop is a must-visit for anyone interested in this fascinating chapter of history.

Accessibility

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation is committed to making its exhibits and programs accessible to all visitors. The museum is wheelchair accessible, with ramps and elevators throughout. Audio guides are available for the visually impaired, and descriptive materials are provided in Braille. The staff is trained to assist visitors with disabilities, and they are happy to answer any questions or provide additional accommodations. The museum's website also provides accessibility information, including a map of the museum and details on how to book an audio guide. By ensuring that everyone can enjoy and learn from its exhibits, the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation is fulfilling its mission to preserve and share the history of the French Resistance.

Surrounding Area:

Besançon offers an array of attractions beyond the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation. Explore the city's rich history at the Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie, showcasing art from the Middle Ages to the present. Immerse yourself in time at the Citadelle de Besançon, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, with its impressive fortifications and panoramic city views. For a glimpse into local life, stroll through the colorful streets of La Boucle, the historic city center, and visit the bustling Place du Marché.

Local Cuisine:

Indulge in the culinary delights of the Franche-Comté region. Savor the famous Comté cheese, produced in the nearby Jura Mountains, and pair it with a glass of local wine from the Côtes du Jura vineyards. Try the hearty dish of poulet au vin jaune, chicken cooked in yellow wine, or the traditional sausage, saucisse de Morteau. For a sweet treat, sample the region's specialty, the gâteau de ménage, a delicious cake made with dried fruits and nuts.

Transportation:

Reaching Besançon is a breeze. Take a scenic train journey through the picturesque French countryside or arrive by bus from major cities in the region. Once in Besançon, the city's public transportation system, including buses and trams, makes it easy to get around. Alternatively, rent a bike and explore the city on two wheels, or simply embark on a leisurely stroll to soak in the charming atmosphere.

Local Cuisine

The gastronomic traditions of the Franche-Comté region are a delightful blend of hearty peasant fare and sophisticated French cuisine. The region's unique geography, with its rolling hills, lush pastures, and abundant forests, has shaped its culinary identity. Comté cheese, produced in the region's mountain dairies, is a must-try for cheese lovers. This nutty, flavorful cheese is a staple of local cuisine and is used in various dishes, from fondue to gratin.

Another regional specialty is saucisse de Morteau, a smoked sausage made from pork, beef, and spices. This savory sausage is often served with boiled potatoes and sauerkraut. For a taste of the region's forest bounty, try the morilles, or morel mushrooms, which are prized for their rich, earthy flavor. They are commonly used in sauces, omelets, and stews.

When it comes to restaurants, Besançon offers a range of options, from traditional bouchons serving regional cuisine to Michelin-starred establishments showcasing modern French gastronomy. Be sure to sample the local wines, particularly the white wines produced in the Jura Mountains, known for their crisp acidity and mineral notes.

To immerse yourself fully in the region's culinary culture, visit the Marché Beaux-Arts, a vibrant market held on Tuesdays, Fridays, and Sundays, where you can find fresh produce, artisanal cheeses, and other local delicacies. Whether you're dining at a restaurant or picnicking in the countryside, the flavors of the Franche-Comté region are sure to leave a lasting impression.

Transportation

Getting to Besançon is a breeze, with excellent transportation links by train, bus, or car. Once in the city, navigating around is a piece of cake.

The city's public transportation system, known as Ginko, offers a network of buses and trams that connect various parts of Besançon, making it easy to reach the museum and other attractions. Alternatively, renting a bike is a fantastic way to explore the city at your own pace, taking advantage of the designated bike lanes and discovering hidden gems along the way. For those who prefer to stretch their legs, Besançon is a walker's paradise, with many of its main attractions within easy reach on foot, allowing you to soak in the city's charm and ambiance. Whichever mode of transport you choose, you'll find getting around Besançon a breeze, ensuring a hassle-free visit.

History of the Resistance in Besançon

During World War II, Besançon served as a significant hub for the French Resistance movement. The city's strategic location near the Swiss border made it a crucial transit point for resistance fighters, weapons, and supplies. Local resistance groups, such as the "Groupe Franc-Comtois" and the "Francs-Tireurs et Partisans," played a vital role in organizing sabotage operations, gathering intelligence, and rescuing Allied airmen.

Besançon's resistance movement faced fierce opposition from the German occupiers. The city was subjected to numerous raids, arrests, and executions. Despite the risks, the resistance fighters remained steadfast in their efforts to undermine German authority and support the Allied cause.

One of the most notable figures in the Besançon Resistance was a young woman named Lucie Aubrac. Aubrac was a member of the "Libération-Sud" network, which helped organize resistance activities in the south of France. She was captured by the Gestapo in 1943 and sentenced to death, but managed to escape and continue her work. After the war, Aubrac became a prominent figure in the French Resistance movement and was awarded the Legion of Honor.

The city of Besançon played a crucial role in the broader French Resistance effort. Its strategic location and the bravery of its resistance fighters made it a vital center of operations. The city's legacy as a center of resistance is commemorated by several monuments and memorials, including the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation.

Personal Stories

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation is not just about facts and figures; it is also about the human stories behind the resistance movement. The museum features personal accounts from resistance fighters, civilians, and survivors of the Nazi regime. These stories provide a glimpse into the individual experiences of those who lived through this tumultuous period.

One such story is that of Jean Moulin, a high-ranking figure in the French Resistance who was captured and tortured by the Gestapo. Despite the immense pain and suffering he endured, Moulin refused to divulge any information about his comrades. He eventually died from his injuries, but his unwavering courage and dedication to the cause of freedom continue to inspire generations.

Another compelling story is that of the Jewish family Lévy, who were forced into hiding to escape persecution. With the help of courageous individuals, they managed to evade capture and survive the war. Their story is a testament to the resilience and resourcefulness of those who faced unimaginable adversity.

These are just a few examples of the many personal stories that are shared at the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation. By shedding light on the individual experiences of those who lived through the dark days of World War II, the museum helps visitors gain a deeper understanding of the human cost of war and the indomitable spirit of resistance.

Impact on Modern France

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation in Besançon not only serves as a repository of history but also offers a profound reflection on the impact of the resistance movement on modern France. The museum's exhibits and educational programs highlight the enduring values of freedom, democracy, and human rights that were championed by the resistance fighters. The museum also explores the lessons learned from the resistance struggle, emphasizing the importance of unity, resilience, and the indomitable spirit in the face of adversity.

These values and lessons have played a crucial role in shaping the identity and character of post-war France. The resistance movement's unwavering commitment to liberty and self-determination laid the foundation for the country's democratic institutions and its strong commitment to human rights. The museum's exploration of these themes resonates deeply with visitors, encouraging them to reflect on the significance of the resistance movement in shaping contemporary French society.

Moreover, the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation serves as a reminder of the ongoing relevance of resistance ideals in modern society. The museum's exhibits and programs highlight the importance of vigilance against tyranny, oppression, and discrimination. They encourage visitors to embrace the values of courage, solidarity, and active citizenship, reminding them that the fight for freedom and justice is a continuous journey.

Insider Tip:

For a truly immersive experience, visit the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation on a guided tour. The passionate and knowledgeable guides will take you through the galleries, sharing captivating stories and insights that bring the history of the Resistance to life. Don't miss the secret room hidden behind a bookcase, where you can discover rare artifacts and documents that shed light on the clandestine operations of the resistance fighters. After your visit, take a stroll through the picturesque streets of Besançon, following the Resistance Trail. This self-guided tour leads you to key historical sites associated with the Resistance, allowing you to retrace their footsteps and gain a deeper understanding of their perjuangan.

The Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation